Furosemide

Furosemide
Clinical data
Pronunciation	/fjʊˈroʊsəˌmaɪd/
Trade names	Lasix, others
Other names	Frusemide
AHFS/Drugs.com	Monograph
MedlinePlus	a682858
License data	US DailyMed: Furosemide;
Pregnancy; category	AU: C;
Routes of; administration	By mouth, intravenous, intramuscular
ATC code	C03CA01 (WHO);
Legal status
Legal status	AU: S4 (Prescription only); UK: POM (Prescription only); US: ℞-only; In general: ℞ (Prescription only);
Pharmacokinetic data
Bioavailability	43–69%
Protein binding	91–99%
Metabolism	liver and kidney glucuronidation
Onset of action	30 to 60 min (PO), 5 min (IV)
Elimination half-life	up to 100 minutes
Excretion	Kidney 66%, bile duct 33%
Identifiers
	IUPAC name 4-Chloro-2-[(furan-2-ylmethyl)amino]-5-sulfamoylbenzoic acid;
CAS Number	54-31-9 ;
PubChem CID	3440;
DrugBank	DB00695 ;
ChemSpider	3322 ;
UNII	7LXU5N7ZO5;
KEGG	D00331 ;
ChEBI	CHEBI:47426 ;
ChEMBL	ChEMBL35 ;
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)	DTXSID6020648 ;
ECHA InfoCard	100.000.185
Chemical and physical data
Formula	C12H11ClN2O5S
Molar mass	330.74 g·mol−1
3D model (JSmol)	Interactive image;
	SMILES o1cccc1CNc(cc2Cl)c(C(=O)O)cc2S(=O)(=O)N;
	InChI InChI=1S/C12H11ClN2O5S/c13-9-5-10(15-6-7-2-1-3-20-7)8(12(16)17)4-11(9)21(14,18)19/h1-5,15H,6H2,(H,16,17)(H2,14,18,19) ; Key:ZZUFCTLCJUWOSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N ;
	(verify)

Furosemide is a loop diuretic medication used to treat fluid build-up due to heart failure, liver scarring, or kidney disease.^[1] It may also be used for the treatment of high blood pressure.^[1] It can be taken by injection into a vein or by mouth.^[1] When taken by mouth, it typically begins working within an hour, while intravenously, it typically begins working within five minutes.^[1]

Common side effects include feeling lightheaded with standing, ringing in the ears, and sensitivity to light.^[1] Potentially serious side effects include electrolyte abnormalities, low blood pressure, and hearing loss.^[1] Blood tests are recommended regularly for those on treatment.^[1] Furosemide is a type of loop diuretic that works by decreasing the reabsorption of sodium by the kidneys.^[1] Common side effects of furosemide injection include hypokalemia (low potassium level), hypotension (low blood pressure), and dizziness.^[2]

Furosemide was patented in 1959 and approved for medical use in 1964.^[3] It is on the World Health Organization's List of

Drugs and Medicine